diff --git a/src/ocrmypdf/pipeline.py b/src/ocrmypdf/pipeline.py
index c72b34ba..00a480ce 100644
--- a/src/ocrmypdf/pipeline.py
+++ b/src/ocrmypdf/pipeline.py
@@ -770,7 +770,16 @@ def metadata_fixup(
     )
 
     if options.output_type.startswith('pdfa'):
-        _do_merge_ghostscript([layers_file, ps], output_file, log, context)
+        input_pdfinfo = context.get_pdfinfo()
+        ghostscript.generate_pdfa(
+            pdf_version=input_pdfinfo.min_version,
+            pdf_pages=[layers_file, ps],
+            output_file=output_file,
+            compression=options.pdfa_image_compression,
+            log=log,
+            threads=options.jobs or 1,
+            pdfa_part=options.output_type[-1]  # is pdfa-1, pdfa-2, or pdfa-3
+        )
     else:
         metadata = pikepdf.open(metadata_file)
         pdfmark = get_pdfmark(metadata, options)
@@ -779,30 +788,6 @@ def metadata_fixup(
         pdf.save(output_file)
 
 
-def _do_merge_ghostscript(
-        pdf_pages,
-        output_file,
-        log,
-        context):
-    options = context.get_options()
-    input_pdfinfo = context.get_pdfinfo()
-
-    ghostscript.generate_pdfa(
-        pdf_version=input_pdfinfo.min_version,
-        pdf_pages=pdf_pages,
-        output_file=output_file + '_toc.pdf',
-        compression=options.pdfa_image_compression,
-        log=log,
-        threads=options.jobs or 1,
-        pdfa_part=options.output_type[-1])  # is pdfa-1, pdfa-2, or pdfa-3
-    if fitz:
-        doc = fitz.Document(output_file + '_toc.pdf')
-        doc.setToC(input_pdfinfo.table_of_contents)
-        doc.save(output_file, clean=False)
-    else:
-        os.replace(output_file + '_toc.pdf', output_file)
-
-
 def optimize_pdf(
         input_file,
         output_file,