# Xtream Codes - IPTV Patterns & Integrations
## 1. Stream URL Patterns
### Live TV URL Structure
```
http://{server}:{port}/live/{username}/{password}/{stream_id}.{extension}
```
| Extension | Use Case | Content-Type |
|-----------|----------|--------------|
| .ts | MPEG Transport Stream (most compatible) | video/mp2t |
| .m3u8 | HLS Adaptive Streaming | application/x-mpegurl |
### VOD URL Structure
```
http://{server}:{port}/movie/{username}/{password}/{stream_id}.{extension}
```
Container extensions: mp4, mkv, avi, 3gp, flv, wmv, mov, ts
### Series URL Structure
```
http://{server}:{port}/series/{username}/{password}/{episode_stream_id}.{extension}
```
### Timeshift/Catchup URL Structure
```
http://{server}:{port}/timeshift/{username}/{password}/{duration_minutes}/{start_time}/{stream_id}
```
Start time formats:
- `YYYY-MM-DD:HH-MM` (e.g., `2025-12-24:10-00`)
- `YYYYMMDD-HH` (e.g., `20251224-10`)
---
## 2. M3U Playlist Format
### Standard M3U Plus Format
```m3u
#EXTM3U
#EXTINF:-1 tvg-id="channel.epg" tvg-name="Channel Name" tvg-logo="http://icon.url" group-title="Category",Channel Name
http://server:25461/live/user/pass/123.ts
```
### Extended Attributes
| Attribute | Description |
|-----------|-------------|
| tvg-id | EPG channel identifier |
| tvg-name | Display name |
| tvg-logo | Channel icon URL |
| group-title | Category name |
| tvg-chno | Channel number |
| radio | "true" for radio streams |
### Catchup Support Tags
```m3u
#EXTINF:-1 tvg-id="channel.epg" catchup="default" catchup-source="http://server:25461/timeshift/user/pass/{duration:60}/{start}/123.ts" catchup-days="7",Channel Name
```
---
## 3. EPG/XMLTV Integration
### XMLTV Format
```xml
Channel Name
Program Title
Description
News
```
### EPG URL
```
http://server:25461/xmltv.php?username={user}&password={pass}
```
### EPG Mapping
The `tvg-id` attribute in M3U must match the `channel id` in XMLTV.
---
## 4. MAG/Stalker Portal Integration
### Authentication Flow
1. Device sends handshake with MAC address
2. Server returns token
3. Device includes token in all subsequent requests
4. Watchdog keeps session alive
### Required Headers
```
Authorization: Bearer {token}
Cookie: mac={mac_address}; timezone={timezone}; locale={locale}
X-User-Agent: Model: MAG254; Link: WiFi
```
### Stalker URL Encryption
For secure streaming, URLs are encrypted:
```php
$stalker_key = base64_encode(mc_encrypt("{$mac}={$ip}={$stream_id}={$expire_time}", $secret));
```
### Event Types
| Event | Description |
|-------|-------------|
| send_msg | Display message |
| reboot | Reboot device |
| reload_portal | Reload portal |
| play_channel | Auto-tune to channel |
| cut_off | Disconnect device |
---
## 5. Enigma2 Integration
### Service Reference Format
Enigma2 uses service references for channels:
```
#SERVICE 4097:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:http://server:25461/live/user/pass/123.ts:Channel Name
#DESCRIPTION Channel Name
```
### Bouquet File Format
```
#NAME Provider Bouquet
#SERVICE 4097:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:http://server:25461/live/user/pass/123.ts:Channel 1
#DESCRIPTION Channel 1
#SERVICE 4097:0:1:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:http://server:25461/live/user/pass/124.ts:Channel 2
#DESCRIPTION Channel 2
```
### XML Response Format
All Enigma2 API responses use XML with Base64-encoded text:
```xml
Q2hhbm5lbCBOYW1l
RGVzY3JpcHRpb24=
```
---
## 6. HLS Streaming
### Playlist Structure
```m3u
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:3
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:1000
#EXTINF:3.0,
123_1000.ts?token=abc123
#EXTINF:3.0,
123_1001.ts?token=def456
#EXTINF:3.0,
123_1002.ts?token=ghi789
```
### Segment Token Validation
Each segment URL includes a token:
```
token = md5(segment_name + username + crypt_key + filesize)
```
### Connection Tracking
- HLS connections tracked via `user_activity_now` table
- `hls_last_read` timestamp updated per segment request
- Inactive HLS connections cleaned up by cron
---
## 7. Load Balancing
### Server Selection
Load balancer selects optimal server based on:
- Server load (active connections)
- Geographic proximity
- Server status (online/offline)
- Stream availability
### Redirect Mechanism
```nginx
location /live/ {
proxy_pass http://load_balancer;
}
```
### Balance Configuration
`nginx/conf/balance.conf`:
```nginx
upstream streaming_servers {
server 192.168.1.1:25461 weight=5;
server 192.168.1.2:25461 weight=3;
server 192.168.1.3:25461 backup;
}
```
---
## 8. TV Archive/Catchup
### Archive Storage
```
/home/xtreamcodes/iptv_xtream_codes/tv_archive/{stream_id}/YYYY-MM-DD:HH-MM.ts
```
### Archive Duration
Configured per-stream via `tv_archive_duration` (days).
### Timeshift Playback
```bash
# Last 60 minutes from channel 123
curl "http://server/timeshift/user/pass/60/2025-12-24:10-00/123"
# HLS format for player apps
curl "http://server/timeshift/user/pass/60/2025-12-24:10-00/123.m3u8"
```
---
## 9. Multi-Server Architecture
### Server Roles
| Role | Description |
|------|-------------|
| Main | Database, panel, management |
| Load Balancer | Traffic distribution |
| Streaming | Stream transcoding/delivery |
### Inter-Server Communication
Via `system_api.php`:
- Connection state synchronization
- Stream start/stop commands
- User activity tracking
### Server Registration
Each server has unique `SERVER_ID` from config file.
---
## 10. Authentication & Security
### User Authentication Checks (in order)
1. Username/password validation
2. Account expiration check
3. Admin enabled check
4. User enabled check
5. IP whitelist check
6. Country restriction check
7. User agent validation
8. ISP restriction check
9. Max connections check
10. Bouquet access check
### Security Features
| Feature | Description |
|---------|-------------|
| GeoIP | Country-based restrictions |
| ISP Lock | Restrict to specific ISPs |
| IP Whitelist | Per-user allowed IPs |
| UA Whitelist | Per-user allowed user agents |
| Max Connections | Concurrent connection limit |
| Flood Protection | Rate limiting failed auth |
### Play Token System
For MAG devices:
```
play_token = random_string:expire_timestamp:stream_id
```
Validated before streaming to prevent URL sharing.
---
## 11. Bouquet System
### Bouquet Structure
Bouquets group streams and categories for user access control.
```json
{
"bouquet_id": 1,
"bouquet_name": "Basic Package",
"bouquet_channels": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
"bouquet_series": [10, 11, 12],
"bouquet_movies": [100, 101, 102]
}
```
### User Bouquet Assignment
```json
{
"user_id": 100,
"bouquet": [1, 2, 3] // User has access to bouquets 1, 2, and 3
}
```
### Category-Based Access
Categories can be assigned to bouquets for bulk access control.
---
## 12. Reseller System
### Reseller Hierarchy
```
Admin
├── Reseller 1
│ ├── User A
│ ├── User B
│ └── Sub-reseller 1.1
│ └── User C
└── Reseller 2
└── User D
```
### Credit System
Resellers have credits to create/extend users:
- 1 credit = 1 month subscription
- Credits deducted on user creation/extension
- Admin can add credits to resellers
### Reseller Permissions
| Permission | Description |
|------------|-------------|
| add_user | Can create users |
| edit_user | Can modify own users |
| delete_user | Can delete own users |
| add_mag | Can register MAG devices |
| add_e2 | Can register Enigma2 |
| allowed_ips | Restrict reseller panel access |
---
## 13. Output Formats
### User-Allowed Formats
```json
{
"allowed_output_formats": ["ts", "m3u8", "rtmp"]
}
```
### Format Handling
| Format | Handler | Use Case |
|--------|---------|----------|
| ts | clients_live.php | Direct streaming |
| m3u8 | clients_live.php | HLS adaptive |
| rtmp | rtmp handler | Flash players |
### Container Mapping
```php
$containers = [
'ts' => 'video/mp2t',
'm3u8' => 'application/x-mpegurl',
'mp4' => 'video/mp4',
'mkv' => 'video/x-matroska',
'avi' => 'video/x-msvideo'
];
```
---
## 14. Client Activity Tracking
### Activity Table Structure
```sql
user_activity_now (
activity_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
user_id INT,
stream_id INT,
server_id INT,
user_agent VARCHAR,
user_ip VARCHAR,
container VARCHAR,
pid INT,
date_start INT,
geoip_country_code VARCHAR,
isp VARCHAR,
external_device VARCHAR,
hls_last_read INT,
hls_end TINYINT
)
```
### Connection Lifecycle
1. INSERT on stream start
2. UPDATE `hls_last_read` for HLS
3. DELETE on stream end
4. Archive to `user_activity` for history
---
## 15. Error Handling Patterns
### Graceful Degradation
```php
// Show alternative video on errors
ipTV_streaming::ShowVideo($is_restreamer, 'show_not_on_air_video', 'not_on_air_video_path', $extension);
```
### Video Placeholders
| Setting | Description |
|---------|-------------|
| show_expired_video | Show when user expired |
| show_banned_video | Show when user banned |
| show_not_on_air_video | Show when stream offline |
### Client Logging
All access attempts logged for debugging:
```php
ipTV_streaming::ClientLog($stream_id, $user_id, 'ERROR_CODE', $user_ip, $extra_data);
```