* feat(playback): unified restart-resilient playback via shared TranscodeManager Make direct, remux, and native HLS transcode sessions survive a server restart through one shared flow instead of per-method paths. A missing in-memory session becomes a reconstruct trigger, not a 404: the server rebuilds the session from a tiny durable recipe card plus the position the client re-supplies on its next request. - internal/playback/transcode_manager.go: shared TranscodeManager owning the transcodes map, recipe-card lifecycle, reconstruct single-flight + concurrency cap, LoadOrReconstructSession front door, ReconstructSession / ReconstructTranscode, and orphan cleanup. ~90% is logic moved out of the native handler (no behavior change), not new surface. - internal/playback/recipecard.go + recipecard_postgres.go: RecipeCard with a PlayMethod discriminator (direct/remux/transcode; empty decodes as transcode for back-compat) behind a swappable, nil-safe RecipeStore interface backed by transcode_recipes. - internal/playback/session.go: RegisterReconstructed inserts a rebuilt Session under its existing id (no UUID mint, no limit double-count, race-yielding). - internal/playback/transcode.go: CloseProcess keeps the output dir so a reconstruct winner keeps serving; Close removes it. - internal/api/handlers: drain the transcode lifecycle into the manager; wire reconstruct into the stream/segment serve paths; re-bind ownership to the live caller (refuse userID==0/mismatch); card-aware orphan cleanup. - migrations: add transcode_recipes (expires_at TTL, filter-on-read, indexed). Ownership stays two-factor: an authenticated caller AND a session.UserID that matches; the card stores no secrets and identity is re-resolved per request. Tests: recipe-card round-trip/legacy-decode/disabled-noop, RegisterReconstructed insert/race/concurrency, close-vs-close-process dir semantics, the LoadOrReconstructSession status matrix, and the reconstruct concurrency cap. AI-use: implemented with AI assistance (design, implementation, adversarial review). * feat(jellycompat): reconstruct transcodes across restart via shared manager Bring Jellyfin (jellycompat) HLS playback onto the same restart-resilient flow as the native path. Previously jellycompat owned a separate PlaybackHandler with a private transcodes map and a duplicated transcode lifecycle that never grew the reconstruct half, so an in-flight Jellyfin transcode died on restart and the next segment request 404'd. - Embed the shared playback.TranscodeManager and delete the duplicate lifecycle, so jellycompat gets reconstruct, the concurrency cap, the node-affinity rule, and the card lifecycle for free. - internal/jellycompat/playback_sessions_postgres.go: DurableCompatPlaybackStore, a write-through cache over jellycompat_playback_sessions behind the new CompatPlaybackStore interface (nil pool degrades to cache-only). This persists the load-bearing PlaySessionId -> UpstreamSessionID mapping (plus media sources, route item id, seek) so it survives a restart instead of vanishing with the map. - Write a recipe card on compat transcode start keyed by the upstream session id, using the native StreamAppUserID so the ownership re-bind matches; reconstruct the upstream session and the transcode seeked to the requested seg_NNNNN. - migrations: add jellycompat_playback_sessions (expires_at TTL + compat_token index, full PlaybackSession in data JSONB). Auth is mapped to the native user id before reconstruct so the same two-factor ownership check and userID==0/mismatch refusal apply unchanged. Tests: DB-gated (SILO_TEST_DATABASE_URL) durable-store round-trip proving a session written by one instance reloads in a fresh one (the restart case), plus a nil-pool cache-only path; existing handler tests updated to the manager. AI-use: implemented with AI assistance (design, implementation, adversarial review). * docs(playback): consolidate unified playback reconstruction design Replace the three overlapping playback docs (the native Postgres restart-resilience spec, the jellycompat plan, and the unification spec) with a single self-contained design at docs/superpowers/specs/unified-playback-reconstruct.md. The doc leads with the unified design — the one-idea reconstruct model, a strong visual flow of a restart mid-playback, the shared TranscodeManager + recipe card, the two swappable durable stores, security, the concurrency cap and node-affinity constraint, preconditions, and verification. The design history and rationale (reconstruct-not-rehydrate, phased delivery, Redis-vs-Postgres, token-as- descriptor, failure analysis) move to an appendix. It references no other md file. AI-use: written with AI assistance. * fix(playback): address review on restart-resilient playback Four fixes from PR review of the unified reconstruction work: - Rewrite the recipe card on audio-track change. HandleChangeAudioTrack only updated the in-memory session/transcode, so after a restart reconstruct resumed with the stale AudioTrackIndex/TranscodeAudio (and stale play method) from the start-time card. Re-save the card (direct/remux/transcode) with the switched state, mirroring the start-card pattern. - Guard nil TranscodeManager in LoadOrReconstructSession and ReconstructSession. StreamHandler.TM is documented optional (tests/minimal setups); a missing session previously panicked in recipeEnabled instead of returning SessionMissing. ReconstructTranscode already guarded nil; make the two siblings consistent. - Reject direct/remux cards in doReconstructTranscode before spawning ffmpeg, so a non-transcode card id can never enter the HLS reconstruction path. - Log a non-success status from the remote transcode-node DELETE in CloseTranscodeSession; a 401/404/500 was previously silent. AI-use: implemented with AI assistance. * fix(playback): harden restart-resilient compat sessions * feat(playback): token-carried reconstruction across restarts Build on the shared TranscodeManager (introduced earlier in this branch) so a playback session survives an API-server or transcode-node restart without the client re-negotiating, and retire the Postgres transcode_recipes store in favor of a recipe carried inside the signed stream token. - RecipeCard encodes the byte-affecting encode parameters and rides inside the stream token; LoadOrReconstructSession rebuilds the in-memory Session (and, for integrated transcodes, the ffmpeg process) on a cold miss, single-flighted per session and paced by a spawn semaphore. Removes recipecard_postgres.go and the 20260617233705_add_transcode_recipes migration. - transcodenode reconstructs a lost ffmpeg node-side from the forwarded token. - TR-lease: proxy/streamauth enforce a revocation deny-marker on every served segment, with a 500ms Redis timeout, a bounded per-session "allowed" cache (3s TTL, expiry-first graceful eviction), and a degraded-fail-open counter. Review hardening folded in: - Manifest/segment handlers do the in-memory session lookup first and only verify the stream token on a reconstruct miss (token HMAC was per-segment). - Copy-mode reconstruct never applies the encoded-only seg*dur seek, at spawn time or via the recovery path: RestartSeekTarget reports "unresolved" for a copy session whose manifest cannot yet map the segment, so the client retries instead of seeking to a fabricated source time. - Crash teardown is a compare-and-delete (CloseTranscodeSessionIf returns whether it matched); the crash closure tears down the playback session only when it matched, so a session reconstructed under the same id is not killed. - Reconstruct enforces the same per-user stream/transcode caps as a fresh start (RegisterReconstructedWithLimits), closing a token-replay slot bypass. AI-use disclosure: implemented with AI assistance (Claude Code), including a two-round multi-agent adversarial review whose findings drove the hardening. * feat(jellycompat): node-side transcode reconstruct via shared recipe store Make Jellyfin-compat playback sessions survive a server or transcode-node restart by reusing the shared TranscodeManager reconstruct path and a durable recipe store, on top of the durable compat session store added earlier in this branch. - Node-side transcode reconstruct goes through the shared recipe store; the recipe is persisted to the control-plane store (Redis) when a dedicated transcode node is used so the node can rebuild ffmpeg after its own restart. - Adopt the shared manager's API (3-arg OnFFmpegCrash carrying the dead session, guarded CloseTranscodeSessionIf, RegisterReconstructedWithLimits). Review hardening folded in: - Recipe lifecycle: noderecipe.Store gains Delete, called on deliberate teardown (stop, method-switch discard, node stop/force-reload) so a stopped session cannot be resurrected by a buffered request after a node restart; crash paths intentionally keep the recipe so a resume can reconstruct. - Crash closure tears down the upstream session only when the guarded transcode close matched, so a reconstructed successor is never left orphaned. - Copy-mode segment recovery surfaces a retryable not-found instead of a wrong-position restart, matching the native and node paths. - Durable Update is now a SELECT ... FOR UPDATE transaction, removing the lost-update clobber that could silently drop a transcode recipe. - Empty-token route resolution no longer falls back to an unbounded full-table scan; DB expiry filters bind the injected clock; the redundant re-Get is gone. AI-use disclosure: implemented with AI assistance (Claude Code), including a two-round multi-agent adversarial review whose findings drove the hardening. * docs(playback): consolidate restart-resilient playback design Replace the superpowers spec with a single architecture record describing the token-carried recipe card, the shared TranscodeManager reconstruct path for direct/remux/transcode, the jellycompat durable session + node recipe store, and the revocation-lease model with its fail-open tradeoff. AI-use disclosure: written with AI assistance (Claude Code). * docs(playback): correct jellycompat node-recipe rationale in comments The noderecipe / transcode-node / jellycompat comments justified the Redis recipe store with "a Jellyfin client cannot round-trip a token". The real reason: the node-hop token is server-minted and could carry the recipe, but the recipe is mutated in place under a stable session id (a /Sessions/Playing/Progress audio switch restarts ffmpeg without re-minting the client's token) and a third-party Jellyfin client cannot be driven to refresh a stale token, so the node must reconstruct from a server-authoritative, node-reachable store. Aligns the comments with docs/architecture/restart-resilient-playback.md §10. Comment-only; no behavior change. * refactor(playback): remove deny-lease revocation, defer to future PR The deny-lease stream-revocation mechanism (the internal/streamauth package, its silo:streamauth:<sid> Redis markers, the proxy Allowed() enforcement, and the admin Stop/Terminate deny write) only ever enforced on the offload-proxy topology and was a silent no-op on the integrated single box and the dedicated transcode node. Rather than ship a partial revocation feature that looks complete but isn't, remove it wholesale and defer a uniform cross-topology revocation design to a dedicated follow-up. Removed: internal/streamauth (package + tests); the LeaseDenier field, StreamLeaseDenier interface, and denyStreamLease helper in playback.go; the admin deny write; the router/main wiring; and the proxy verifyToken Allowed() gate. The unified-reconstruct core (recipe-token, LoadOrReconstructSession) is orthogonal and untouched. Known limitation (now on every topology): admin Terminate and user Stop tear down the live in-memory session and ffmpeg producer, but a still-valid stream token can reconstruct the session until its 24h TTL expires. No node-side byte-withholding ships in this PR. docs/architecture/restart-resilient-playback.md is updated to mark the revocation/deny-lease sections as deferred and to drop the overstated "instant revocation on admin kill" claim. * fix(playback): allow zero-caller bearer on transcode reconstruct The authless HLS transcode delivery routes (master.m3u8 / segment) treat the session UUID as the bearer credential, so a real request carries requestUserID == 0. The live serve path already allows this, but ReconstructSession hard-rejected a zero caller, so a request that worked before a restart became SessionMissing -> 404 after the in-memory session was gone, breaking the restart resilience these routes advertise. Match the live-path contract in LoadOrReconstructSession: allow a zero caller (UUID-as-bearer) and refuse only a non-zero caller that mismatches the card owner. The reconstructed session is bound to card.UserID either way. Adds TestReconstructSession_Ownership covering both cases. * fix(jellycompat): re-persist recipe on local audio switch A Jellyfin client switching audio on an integrated/local compat transcode restarted live ffmpeg with the new track but did not re-persist PlaybackSession.Recipe. The remote branch already re-persists via startRemoteTranscode -> persistTranscodeRecipe. After a central restart, reconstruct rebuilt ffmpeg from the stale Recipe.AudioTrackIndex, so the integrated session resumed on the original audio track. Persist the updated recipe (best-effort) after a successful Restart in the local branch, mirroring the remote branch, so the durable Recipe.AudioTrackIndex tracks live ffmpeg. Adds a regression test. * fix(playback): strip stream token from proxied transcode-node URL proxyToTranscodeNode appended the client's raw query string to the internal transcode-node URL and logged that URL on transport failure. When a remote transcode runs without a separate proxy node, that query carries ?st=<signed JWT> — a 24h bearer reconstruction descriptor exposing the media path and recipe claims — placing the token into internal requests and error logs. Strip the "st" param before building targetURL, preserving any other query params. The token is neither forwarded to the node nor present in the logged URL. Header-forwarding of the token (so the node can reconstruct) is a separate follow-up (#6). * fix(playback): fail open on transient limit-provider error in reconstruct During the reconstruct wave right after a restart (Postgres under peak load), a transient limit-provider DB error was collapsed into a hard 404, permanently stopping playback for a user within their limits. limitsForUser wrapped any provider error, RegisterReconstructedWithLimits propagated it, and ReconstructSession mapped every error to SessionMissing -> 404 - indistinguishable from a genuine over-cap rejection. Distinguish the two: tag provider errors with a new ErrLimitProviderUnavailable sentinel and, during reconstruct, fail OPEN on a provider error (admit via RegisterReconstructed + log a degraded warning) rather than refuse - mirroring the reliability-first fail-open-on-dependency-error philosophy. A genuine ErrTooManyStreams / ErrTooManyTranscodes over-cap still refuses. Adds tests for both the fail-open and still-refused paths. * fix(playback): forward stream token to transcode node as header The dedicated transcode node's reconstruct path reads the stream token only from the X-Silo-Stream-Token header, but proxyToTranscodeNode forwarded only the node-API bearer token (and #5 now strips st from the URL). So when the central API proxied to the node and the node self-restarted, it could not reconstruct from the recipe-complete native token -> 404. Capture st before stripping it from the URL, verify it at the API boundary (streamtoken.Verify + SessionID match, mirroring the node's own check), and forward it as X-Silo-Stream-Token. Best-effort: a missing/invalid token never blocks the live proxy, and the token is still kept out of the forwarded URL and logs. * fix(playback): restart node ffmpeg on native remote audio switch A native audio-track switch on an offloaded/remote transcode was a no-op at the node yet returned 200 with a fresh URL: HandleChangeAudioTrack restarted ffmpeg only when the API owned a LOCAL TranscodeSession, so for an offloaded transcode the node kept serving the OLD audio (the node consults the token only on a session miss). The replacement URL was also minted from identity- only claims, so a later node restart 404'd. For the offloaded transcode case (detected via session.TranscodeNodeURL), POST a fresh /transcode/start to the node with the new AudioTrackIndex (handleStart tears down and restarts ffmpeg) and mint the replacement proxy URL from a full RecipeCard so reconstruct survives a node restart. The encode recipe is derived from the durable session target fields plus the file, mirroring HandleStartTranscode. A concrete SegmentDuration (playback.DefaultSegmentDuration) is embedded rather than 0: the node's token completeness gate treats SegmentDuration<=0 as incomplete and falls back to a recipe store the native path never populates, which would 404 on a node restart - the exact resilience this path provides. A failed node POST now surfaces 502 rather than a false 200. Remux and non-offloaded (local) transcode paths keep their prior identity-claim URLs unchanged. Known limitation: Session does not persist the original SegmentDuration or SubtitleTrackIndex/SubtitleBurnIn, so a remote audio switch resets subtitle selection to none and assumes the default segment length; a client that started with a non-default segment length will resegment on switch. Making that state durable on the session is a follow-up. * docs(playback): scrub stale deny-lease/revalidator comments The deny-lease revocation mechanism and its "central revalidator" were removed earlier in this branch, but four comments still described them as live (transcode_manager.go, noderecipe/store.go, streamtoken/token.go, proxy/server.go). Reword them to match the shipped behavior: ownership claims are re-resolved at reconstruct, the noderecipe store shares Redis only with the node-session tracker, and a sub-TTL hard cut depends on a node-side revocation mechanism that is deferred to a future PR. * fix(jellycompat): surface durable playback-session write failures DurableCompatPlaybackStore.Update applied the in-memory mutation and then swallowed every Postgres commit-failure path, returning nil. Callers that promise restart resilience (persistTranscodeRecipe's recipe write, the upstream-session binds in streams.go) were told the session was durably persisted when only the cache held it, so a transient DB hiccup could leave the next restart reloading a stale row (wrong audio track) or 404ing. updateDB now returns the genuine DB round-trip error (begin/query/unmarshal/ marshal/exec/commit); Update propagates it while still applying the in-memory mutation so live state stays correct. A nil pool and a genuinely absent/expired row remain best-effort (return nil) — only real infrastructure failures propagate, so existing rollback paths fire exactly when durability is lost. Part of #174 * fix(playback): re-inject stream token into proxied transcode manifests API-proxied remote transcode manifests dropped the reconstruct token from their segment URLs, so playback died after a node or API restart. When a remote transcode has no separate proxy node, the client loads its manifest via the API-local path; proxyToTranscodeNode strips the signed token ("st") from the forwarded URL (keeping it off node URLs and logs, forwarded only as the X-Silo-Stream-Token header), and the node builds relative segment URIs from that token-less query. The segment URLs the client received carried no token, and the proxy only re-attached the header when an incoming segment request already had "st" — which it never did — so a restart made those segments non-reconstructable and they 404'd. proxyToTranscodeNode now rewrites the manifest body at the boundary: every segment and #EXT-X-MAP init URI gets the client-facing, API-verified token re-appended (new playback.AppendManifestQueryParam helper), so the client's later segment fetches carry "st" again and reconstruct after a restart. The token still never reaches the node URL or its logs. Only 200 .m3u8 responses are rewritten (Content-Length corrected); segments stream through untouched. Part of #174 * fix(playback): preserve subtitle/cadence recipe across offloaded audio switch Switching audio on a remote (offloaded) transcode with burned-in subtitles silently dropped them, and reset a non-default segment cadence. The offloaded audio-switch restart rebuilt the node start request from Session state, but Session/SessionStreamState retained no subtitle or segment-duration state (only the live local ts.Opts() and the RecipeCard did), so the branch hard-coded SubtitleTrackIndex:-1, SubtitleBurnIn:false and SegmentDuration:Default — signing that altered recipe into the replacement stream token. An audio switch then changed bytes beyond audio selection, and any later reconstruct kept the wrong no-subtitle/wrong-cadence recipe. Persist the byte-affecting recipe on the session: SubtitleTrackIndex, SubtitleBurnIn and SegmentDuration are added to Session/SessionStreamState, populated at start (finalizeTranscodeStart) and on post-restart reconstruct (ReconstructSession from the card), carried forward on every audio-switch state update, and read back when rebuilding the offloaded node request and its recipe card. The restart now reproduces the exact live stream. Also resolves the M-4b non-default segment_duration reset. Part of #174 * fix(playback): serialize transcode spawn paths with a per-session lock Reconstruct was single-flighted only against other reconstructs, so a restart-driven segment reconstruct racing a quality/seek/audio fresh start could spawn two ffmpeg processes writing the same output directory at once — segment corruption, partial-write closes, orphaned processes, and skewed active-job accounting. The atomic register-after-spawn (GetOrRegister / the reconstruct compare-on-register) prevented a map leak but not the concurrent disk writers, because the losing path had already spawned. The dedicated transcode node had the same split between handleStart and spawnReconstruct. Add a refcounted per-session lifecycle lock to both TranscodeManager and the node Server, held across "check existing -> spawn -> register": - reconstruct (doReconstructTranscode / spawnReconstruct) re-checks under the lock and yields to any live session instead of spawning a duplicate; - the native and jellycompat fresh-start paths take the lock around their spawn+register (the native path also closes any session a reconstruct rebuilt in the meantime so its fresh ffmpeg is the sole writer); - the node handleStart holds it across teardown+spawn+register. The refcount drops the map entry once no path holds/waits, keeping it bounded. GetOrRegisterTranscodeSession is removed — the lock supersedes it and keeping a register-after-spawn primitive would invite reintroducing the race. Part of #174 * fix(playback): serialize restart re-spawn under the session lifecycle lock TranscodeSession.Restart() releases s.mu across cancel -> wait-for-done -> re-exec and spawns ffmpeg into opts.OutputDir without holding the per-session lifecycle lock. LockSessionLifecycle's contract (fresh start, restart, reconstruct) requires restart to hold it too, but all five callers invoked Restart unlocked: native audio-switch and segment-recovery, compat audio-switch and segment-recovery, and the transcode-node segment-recovery. A restart racing another restart (audio-switch vs segment-recovery) or a fresh-start/reconstruct could land two ffmpeg processes writing the same segment directory -- mixed timelines, init.mp4/segment mismatch, and an orphaned-but-still-writing ffmpeg -- the exact concurrent-writer corruption the lifecycle lock exists to prevent. Add RestartSessionLocked (TranscodeManager) and restartSessionLocked (node Server) that hold LockSessionLifecycle only across the cancel->respawn transition, re-check that the handle is still the live mapped session under the lock, and return ErrSessionSuperseded rather than re-spawning a stale handle. Route all five call sites through them. The lock is released before callers wait on segments so recovery latency is unchanged. Tests: gating (restart blocks until the lifecycle lock frees, then spawns), concurrent-restart serialization, and superseded re-check on both the manager (covers native + compat) and node lock owners. --------- Co-authored-by: Quick <31828688+Quick104@users.noreply.github.com>
Silo
A self-hosted media streaming server with a React frontend and Go backend. Supports direct play, remuxing, and hardware-accelerated transcoding. Includes optional Jellyfin/Emby-compatible app support for clients such as VidHub and Findroid.
Join the community on Discord.
Deploy with Docker (recommended)
The easiest way to run Silo is with Docker Compose. The default stack assumes you do not already have PostgreSQL and Redis available, so it bundles PostgreSQL, Redis, FFmpeg, and the application for a one-command start.
-
Create a
.envfilecp .env.example .env -
Set your media path
Edit
.envand set:MEDIA_ROOT=/path/to/your/mediaMEDIA_ROOTis the one value most users need to change. You can also overrideSILO_DATA_ROOTif you do not want bind mounts under/opt/silo, and change ports if the defaults conflict with something else on the host. -
Start the default integrated stack
docker compose up -dThis starts PostgreSQL, Redis, and the integrated Silo server. The app is available at
http://localhost:8090. Jellyfin-compatible app support is disabled until an administrator enables it in onboarding or admin settings.If you already have PostgreSQL and Redis available, omit those bundled service examples from compose and point Silo at your existing
DATABASE_URLandREDIS_URLinstead.Optional NVIDIA/NVENC
GPU support is kept out of the default compose file so hosts without NVIDIA drivers work unchanged.
Install the NVIDIA Container Toolkit and use a Docker Compose version with GPU reservation support before enabling this override.
Use the optional override file when you want NVENC:
docker compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.nvidia.yml up -dIf you want this controlled from
.env, setCOMPOSE_FILE:COMPOSE_FILE=docker-compose.yml:docker-compose.nvidia.yml NVIDIA_GPU_COUNT=1Windows uses
;instead of:between compose files.Then
docker compose up -dwill include the NVIDIA override automatically. -
Configure through the admin UI
Add libraries, users, metadata providers, and playback settings from the web interface.
Bind Mount Layout
The deploy-oriented compose files use host folder mappings rather than Docker-managed volumes.
By default, data is stored under /opt/silo:
/opt/silo/postgres/opt/silo/redis/opt/silo/transcode/opt/silo/catalog-seeds
Media is mounted into the container at /mnt/media from the host path you set in MEDIA_ROOT.
Optional Profiles
The main compose file is integrated-first. These profiles exist for operators testing distributed mode or mirroring a split deployment shape. Most single-host installs should stay on the default integrated service, because it already includes proxying and transcoding.
| Profile | Command | Description |
|---|---|---|
| default | docker compose up -d |
Integrated server plus bundled PostgreSQL and Redis |
proxy |
docker compose --profile proxy up -d |
Start a standalone proxy service for distributed-mode testing |
transcode |
docker compose --profile transcode up -d |
Start a standalone transcode service for distributed-mode testing |
You can enable both optional examples together:
docker compose --profile proxy --profile transcode up -d
If you are splitting workers across multiple hosts, use the separate remote worker example instead of trying to stretch the main compose file across machines.
Advanced Remote Node Example
For a dedicated remote transcode worker, use docker-compose.remote-transcode.yml. That file is intended for a separate worker host that connects back to an existing Silo deployment using shared PostgreSQL and Redis.
Deployment Notes
The default compose stack intentionally bundles PostgreSQL and Redis for ease of setup and assumes a fresh install without those services already available. If you already operate PostgreSQL and Redis, omit those examples from compose and point Silo at your existing infrastructure instead. For serious installs, PostgreSQL is better on a separate VM or a managed service so upgrades, tuning, and backups are isolated from the app host. Redis can stay local for many installs, but externalizing it is also reasonable if you already operate shared infrastructure.
Silo is externally stateful by default rather than fully stateless. Durable application state lives in PostgreSQL. Redis only stores coordination and cache-style data. Silo still writes transient transcode output locally under /tmp/silo-transcode. If you switch userdb.backend=sqlite, Silo also becomes locally stateful at /var/lib/silo/userdb.
Migrating an existing Continuum Docker install should be done with the preflight helper and cutover guide in docs/continuum-to-silo-docker-migration.md.
Build from Source
Prerequisites
- Go 1.24+
- Bun 1.0+
- PostgreSQL 18+
- FFmpeg (for transcoding support)
Quick Start
-
Start PostgreSQL (skip if you already have one running)
docker compose up -d postgres redisThe main compose file still expects
MEDIA_ROOTto be set even if you only want the bundled PostgreSQL and Redis services, so set that in.envfirst. -
Configure the database connection
cp .env.example .envEdit
.envand setDATABASE_URLto point to your PostgreSQL instance. -
Build and run
make build ./siloThe server starts at
http://localhost:8080by default. All other settings are configured through the admin UI.
Development
Local development remains intentionally separate from the deploy-oriented compose setup. Use docker-compose.yml and the existing source-build workflow for local development.
# Run the frontend dev server (hot reload, proxies API to :8090)
make dev-frontend
# Run the Go backend
make dev-backend
If you are developing Silo and silo-plugin-sdk together, keep using the local go.work workspace. That workspace is a developer convenience only. CI and release builds run with GOWORK=off, so any new SDK helper used here must be pushed and tagged in silo-plugin-sdk before this repo can merge or release the change.
See CONTRIBUTING.md for contribution expectations, merge request guidance, and the policy for AI-assisted submissions.
Plugin authors should start with docs/architecture/plugin-development.md, which covers the RPC plugin package format, generated proto workflow, SDK import paths, route and asset exposure, and auth or user-config integration points.
Reporting Issues
If you are reporting a bug, install problem, or performance issue, start with the admin workflow and reproduction steps, not Claude/Codex analysis.
Please include:
- What you were trying to do
- Exact steps you took
- What you expected to happen
- What actually happened
- What exact action is slow or broken (
save,scan,browse,import,playback, etc.) - Whether it happens every time or only sometimes
- The library, media type, filter, setting, or value involved
- Version, branch, commit, and deployment details if you know them
- Screenshots, recordings, or log snippets if relevant
If you used Claude/Codex for debugging, put that under Technical notes at the end. Suspected files, SQL output, stack traces, and root-cause theories can be helpful, but only after the workflow and repro steps are clear.
Use this template:
Goal:
Steps:
Expected:
Actual:
What is slow/broken:
Scope:
Version/branch:
Deployment:
Technical notes:
Make Targets
| Target | Description |
|---|---|
make build |
Build frontend + Go binary |
make frontend |
Build frontend only |
make dev-frontend |
Vite dev server with HMR |
make dev-backend |
Run Go backend (integrated mode) |
make dev-proxy |
Run a standalone proxy node |
make dev-transcode |
Run a standalone transcode node |
make migrate-create NAME=add_thing |
Create a timestamped Goose SQL migration |
make migrate-validate |
Validate Goose migration files without touching a database |
make migrate-status |
Show Goose migration status using Silo's bootstrapping runner |
make migrate-up |
Apply pending Goose migrations using Silo's bootstrapping runner |
make clean |
Remove build artifacts |
Database Migrations
PostgreSQL schema migrations are managed by Goose. Migration SQL files live in
migrations/sql/ and use Goose annotations. Converted legacy migrations keep
their original numeric versions so existing schema_versions rows can bootstrap
cleanly into Goose without replaying old SQL. New migrations should be created
with timestamped filenames:
make migrate-create NAME=add_thing
make migrate-validate
Do not run goose fix; timestamped migrations are the repository policy because
they avoid version collisions across parallel PRs. The existing 001-style
files are historical compatibility records, not the naming pattern for new work.
Runtime migrations are applied by the integrated/API server only. Proxy and
transcode modes never mutate schema.
For existing installs, use make migrate-status and make migrate-up rather
than invoking the Goose CLI directly; those targets copy legacy
schema_versions rows into public.goose_db_version under the migration lock
before reading or applying migrations. Set ENV_FILE=path/to/.env when the
database URL should be read from a non-default env file.
Running Tests
# Go tests (uses testcontainers — Docker must be running)
go test ./...
# Frontend tests
cd web && bun test
Linting
# Go
golangci-lint run
# Frontend
cd web && bun run lint
cd web && bun run format:check
License & Trademarks
Silo's source code is licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License
v3.0 or later (AGPL-3.0-or-later) — see LICENSE.
The Silo name, logo, and wordmark are trademarks of Silo Media L.L.C. and are not covered by the AGPL. You're free to fork and redistribute the code, but forks and redistributions must not use the Silo brand as their identity and must remove or replace the brand assets. Publishing a Silo-branded app to an app store requires written permission. See TRADEMARK.md for what's permitted — including referential use like "compatible with Silo."
Configuration
Silo requires only a DATABASE_URL when running from source or against external infrastructure. In the default Docker Compose path, the stack wires the database and Redis URLs for you. All other settings — libraries, metadata providers, transcoding, users — are managed through the admin UI after first launch.
Server Modes
| Mode | Description |
|---|---|
integrated |
Full server: API + frontend + scanner + transcode (default) |
api |
API server only, no local transcoding |
proxy |
Stream proxy node that connects to the shared deployment database and Redis |
transcode |
HLS transcode worker node that connects to the shared deployment database and Redis |
PostgreSQL Auto-Tuning
The default Docker Compose stack does not require a checked-in postgresql.conf.
It enables Silo's pgtune-style OLTP tuning
by default:
POSTGRES_TUNE: auto
When enabled, Silo connects with DATABASE_URL and applies recommendations with
ALTER SYSTEM, which writes to PostgreSQL's postgresql.auto.conf inside the
database data directory. Reloadable settings are applied immediately with
pg_reload_conf(). Settings that PostgreSQL marks as restart-only are written
too, and Silo logs the setting names so you can restart PostgreSQL once:
docker compose restart postgres
The default Compose database user has the required PostgreSQL permissions. If
you use an external PostgreSQL server, make sure the configured DATABASE_URL
user can run ALTER SYSTEM, or set POSTGRES_TUNE=off and manage
PostgreSQL yourself.
For POSTGRES_TUNE_MEMORY=auto, Silo uses the first trustworthy memory source:
a finite Docker cgroup limit, the read-only /host/proc/meminfo mount supplied
by the bundled Compose file, then /proc/meminfo with container safety guards.
Auto-detected memory is treated as a PostgreSQL budget, defaulting to 75% of
detected RAM so Silo, Redis, plugins, transcodes, and the OS retain headroom.
POSTGRES_TUNE_DB_SIZE=auto queries pg_database_size(current_database()) and
classifies the workload by comparing the database size to that memory budget.
Optional tuning overrides:
| Variable | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|
POSTGRES_TUNE_PROFILE |
oltp |
Tuning profile. Only oltp is currently supported. |
POSTGRES_TUNE_MEMORY |
auto |
Server/container RAM, such as 8GB or 32GB; explicit values are used as-is. |
POSTGRES_TUNE_MEMORY_BUDGET_PERCENT |
75 |
Percent of auto-detected RAM used for PostgreSQL recommendations. |
POSTGRES_TUNE_CPUS |
auto |
CPU count used for worker recommendations. |
POSTGRES_TUNE_STORAGE |
ssd |
One of hdd, ssd, san, or nvme. |
POSTGRES_TUNE_DB_SIZE |
auto |
Use less_ram when the database comfortably fits in RAM, mid_ram, or greater_ram for very large databases. |
POSTGRES_TUNE_CONNECTIONS |
100 |
PostgreSQL max_connections; automatically raised if Silo's app pool is configured higher. |
POSTGRES_SHM_SIZE |
8gb |
Docker /dev/shm size for the bundled PostgreSQL container. |
Advanced operators can still supply their own PostgreSQL configuration or
override these env vars. Set POSTGRES_TUNE=off when you do not want Silo to
change PostgreSQL server settings. Settings already written with ALTER SYSTEM
remain in postgresql.auto.conf; reset those PostgreSQL parameters if you later
move fully to a custom postgresql.conf.
Project Structure
cmd/silo/ Entry point
internal/
api/ HTTP router, handlers, middleware
auth/ JWT authentication and sessions
catalog/ Media item, episode, season repositories
config/ YAML + env var configuration
jellycompat/ Jellyfin/Emby protocol compatibility
metadata/ Plugin-driven metadata matching and enrichment
playback/ Direct play, remux, transcode session management
scanner/ Media file discovery and FFProbe
worker/ Background jobs (scan, match, reconcile)
web/ React + TypeScript frontend (Vite, Tailwind, shadcn/ui)
migrations/sql/ Goose-managed PostgreSQL schema migrations